Biodiversity
As a result of evolutionary processes, there is a diversity of organisms and a diversity of roles in ecosystems.  Biodiversity refers to the differences in living things in an ecosystem.  Increased biodiversity increases the stability of the ecosystem as it provides for more genetic variation among species.   A great diversity of species increases the chance that at least some living things will survive in the face of large changes in the environment.

Human Influences on Biodiversity
When humans alter ecosystems either by removing specific organisms, serious consequences may result.   Human beings are part of the Earth’s ecosystems. Human activities can, deliberately or accidentally, change the equilibrium in ecosystems.  Humans are destroying other species as a result of population growth, consumption, and technology.   Human destruction of habitats through direct harvesting, pollution, atmospheric changes, and other factors is especially threatening current global biodiversity.

An example of a human activity which has decreased biodiversity is the use of monoculture in modern agricultural practices.   Monoculture involves planting one variety of a species over a huge area.   This leaves this area more vulnerable to predation or disease and the loss of many or all species.

Uses of Biodiversity
In addition to the aesthetic beauty added to the world by many different organisms, biodiversity also ensures the availability of a rich variety of genetic material that may lead to future agricultural or medical discoveries with significant value to humankind. As diversity is lost, potential sources of these materials may be lost with it.