1. encourage foreign trade
2. help the nation’s manufacturers
3. reduce the cost of consumer goods
4. improve the quality of goods

Correct Answer Number: 2

Explanation: Tariffs are taxes placed upon goods being imported into a nation. The imported goods then have a higher total price (after the tax) then similar goods manufactured within the nation itself. This protects the domestic manufactures from having to compete with lower priced, foreign made products. This concept has been applied many time in US history (it was part of Hamilton’s economic plan; the Tariff of 1828 was highly unpopular; tariffs were also applied in the 1920’s and are seen as a contributing factor in the great depression.)

1. Abraham Lincoln
2. Theodore Roosevelt
3. Harry Truman
4. Richard Nixon

Correct Answer Number: 2

Explanation:

1. discourage United States trade with Latin America
2. defend the Panama Canal from Great Britain
3. prevent further European colonization in the Caribbean region
4. provide economic aid to Latin American nations

Correct Answer Number: 3

Explanation:

1. federal laws being nullified by the states
2. elected officials rewarding their supporters with government jobs
3. all free males being given the right to vote
4. the end of political corruption in the federal government

Correct Answer Number: 2

Explanation:

1. claimed that individual states have the right to interpret federal laws
2. formed part of the unwritten constitution
3. supported the federal government’s power to declare war
4. provided a way for new states to enter the Union

Correct Answer Number: 1

Explanation: The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions (authored by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison) focused on countering the Alien and Sedition acts that had been passed by the Federalists under President John Adams, the Nullification Doctrine of South Carolina centered on a dispute involving an 1828 tariff that many Southern states sought to undo.

1. a restriction on European immigration
2. the end of the slave labor system
3. an abundance of natural resources
4. the availability of electricity

Correct Answer Number: 3

Explanation: Waterways, coal reserves as well as ready timber forests fueled the early growth and industrial capabilities of the US during the early 1800's as the nation emerged from the 'Era of Good Feelings' brought on by the War of 1812.

1. Prices increased for food products along the Atlantic Coast.
2. Farmers could more easily ship grain to eastern markets.
3. A territorial conflict began with Canada over the Great Lakes.
4. Railroads were forced to reduce their shipping rates.

Correct Answer Number: 2

Explanation: The 'Transportation Revolution' of the early 1800's saw the growth of canals (such as the Erie Canal of New York State), turnpikes (toll roads constructed by many states) and later into the 1830's and 1840's rail. This encouraged regional specialization among the Northern, Southern and Western regions of the nation, as goods, crops and manufactured items flowed more easily between areas.